How Conservative Hollywood Became a Liberal Town

How Conservative Hollywood Became a Liberal Town While it might appear as if Hollywood has consistently been liberal, it hasn’t. Not many individuals today understand that at one point in the advancement of American film, moderates controlled the film making industry. Santa Clause Monica College Professor Larry Ceplair, co-creator of The Inquisition in Hollywood, composed that during the ‘20s and ‘30s, most studio heads were moderate Republicans who burned through a huge number of dollars to square association and society sorting out. Similarly, the International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, the Moving Picture Machine Operators, and the Screen Actors Guild were totally headed by traditionalists, also. Embarrassments and Censorship In the mid 1920s, a progression of embarrassments shook Hollywood. As indicated by creators Kristin Thompson and David Bordwell, quiet film star Mary Pickford separated from her first spouse in 1921 with the goal that she could wed the alluring Douglas Fairbanks. Soon thereafter, Roscoe â€Å"Fatty† Arbuckle was blamed (yet later absolved) of assaulting and killing a youthful entertainer during a wild gathering. In 1922, after chief William Desmond Taylor was discovered killed, the open educated of his offensive relationships with some of Hollywood’s most popular entertainers. The last bit of excess that will be tolerated came in 1923, when Wallace Reid, a toughly attractive entertainer, kicked the bucket of a morphine overdose. In themselves, these episodes were a reason for sensation yet taken together, studio managers stressed they would be blamed for advancing unethical behavior and extravagance. As it seemed to be, various dissent bunches had effectively campaigned Washington and the government was hoping to force restriction rules on the studios. Instead of losing control of their item and face the association of the legislature, the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of American (MPPDA) recruited Warren Harding’s Republican postmaster general, Will Hays, to address the issue. The Hays Code In their book, Thompson and Bordwell state Hays spoke to the studios to expel frightful substance from their movies and in 1927, he gave them a rundown of material to keep away from, called the â€Å"Don’ts and Be Carefuls† list. It secured most extramarital perversion and the portrayal of crime. By and by, by the mid 1930s, a considerable lot of the things on Hays’ list were being disregarded and with Democrats controlling Washington, it appeared to be more probable than at any other time that a restriction law would be actualized. In 1933, Hays pushed the film business to embrace the Production Code, which expressly denies portrayals of wrongdoing technique, sexual depravity. Movies that maintain the code got a seal of endorsement. In spite of the fact that the â€Å"Hays Code,† as it came to be known helped the business maintain a strategic distance from stiffer oversight at the national level, it started to dissolve in the late 40s and early ‘50s . The House Un-American Activities Committee In spite of the fact that it was not viewed as un-American to identify with the Soviets during the 1930s or during World War II, when they were American partners, it was viewed as un-American when the war was finished. In 1947, Hollywood learned people who had been thoughtful to the socialist reason during those early years ended up being examined by the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) and interrogated regarding their â€Å"communist activities.† Ceplair brings up that the traditionalist Motion Picture Alliance for the Preservation of American Ideals furnished the panel with names of supposed subversives. Individuals from the union affirmed before the advisory group as friendly† witnesses. Other â€Å"friendlies,†, for example, Jack Warner of Warner Bros. also, entertainers Gary Cooper, Ronald Reagan, and Robert Taylor either fingered others as â€Å"communists† or communicated worry over liberal substance in their contents. Following a four-year suspension of the advisory group finished in 1952, previous socialists and Soviet supporters, for example, on-screen characters Sterling Hayden and Edward G. Robinson kept themselves in the clear by naming others. The majority of the individuals named were content scholars. Ten of them, who affirmed as â€Å"unfriendly† witnesses got known as the â€Å"Hollywood Ten† and were boycotted †adequately finishing their professions. Ceplair takes note of that following the hearings, societies, and associations cleansed nonconformists, radicals, and liberals from their positions, and throughout the following 10 years, the shock gradually started to disperse. Radicalism Seeps Into Hollywood Due to a limited extent to a reaction against manhandles executed by the House Un-American Activities Committee, and to a limited extent to a milestone Supreme Court governing in 1952 pronouncing movies to be a type of free discourse, Hollywood started to gradually change. By 1962, the Production Code was basically toothless. The recently shaped Motion Picture Association of America actualized a rating framework, which despite everything stands today. In 1969, after the discharge of Easy Rider, coordinated by liberal-turned-conservative Dennis Hopper, counter-culture films started to show up in noteworthy numbers. By the mid-1970s, more seasoned chiefs were resigning, and another age of movie producers was rising. By the late 1970s, Hollywood was straightforwardly and explicitly liberal. In the wake of making his last movie in 1965, Hollywood executive John Ford recognized the inevitable. â€Å"Hollywood now is controlled by Wall St. also, Madison Ave., who request ‘Sex and Violence,’† writer Tag Gallagher cites him as writing in his book, â€Å"This is against my still, small voice and religion.† Hollywood Today Things are very little unique today. In a 1992 letter to the New York Times, screenwriter and playwright Jonathan R. Reynoldsâ lamentâ that â€Å"†¦ Hollywood today is as fascistic toward preservationists as the 1940s and 50s wereâ liberals †¦ And that goes for the motion pictures and TV programs produced.† It goes past Hollywood, as well, Reynolds contends. Indeed, even the New York theater network is uncontrolled with radicalism. â€Å"Any play that recommends that prejudice is a two-way road or that communism is corrupting essentially wont be produced,† Reynolds composes. â€Å"I challenge you to name any plays created over the most recent 10 years that astutely uphold traditionalist thoughts. Make that 20 years.† The exercise Hollywood despite everything has not educated, he says, is that constraint of thoughts, paying little mind to political influence, â€Å"should not be widespread in the arts.† The foe is suppression itself.

History of Ancient Philosophy Paper Essay

Review that at Apology 37d, â€Å"It would be a fine life for me, undoubtedly, a man of my age, to go into oust and go through his time on earth trading one city for another, on the grounds that he’s continually being removed (C. D. C. Reeve, P-Apology 37d)† Admittedly, Socrates could most likely have maintained a strategic distance from death by prescribing banish in the event that he needed to, however he decided not to do as such. At that point, what precisely, was in his brain? Subsequent to having been condemned to death, Socrates was resting in his jail cell anticipating his execution. Promptly toward the beginning of the day, Crito visits Socrates and endeavors to convince him to get away from the city before the execution. In the event that we investigate their discoursed, Socrates proposes inspecting whether he ought to do what Crito prompts or not, characterizing himself as â€Å"a individual who tunes in to nothing inside him except for the contention that on objective reflection appears to be ideal to him† (C. D. C. Reeve, P-Crito 46b). Here, Socrates appears to guarantee that he knows nothing, so will decide to do what has all the earmarks of being the best to him through analyzing. Socrates utilizes this one of a kind technique for looking at all through the books of Apology, Crito and Republic by consistently addressing to make sense of what appears the best. At that point, the inquiry is, I don't get his meaning by â€Å"best† in the announcement? I contend that it is neither his life nor his family, yet what is simply or equity. I can't help suspecting that Socrates’ proclamation at Crito 46b mirrors his own way of thinking that one ought to look at his activity whether it is simply or unreasonable before performing it. As indicated by Socrates, one ought to play out the activity that is simply and ought not perform on the off chance that it is a low activity in the wake of looking at. An incredible model exhibiting this point can be found in Apology, where Socrates states â€Å"You’re not thinking straight, sir, on the off chance that you feel that a man who’s any utilization whatsoever should give any contradicting weight to the danger of living or biting the dust, rather than looking to this by itself at whatever point he does anything: regardless of whether his activities are simply or vile, the deeds of a positive or negative man (C. D. C. Reeve, P-Apology 28b). † This section plainly shows Socrates’ character and individual way of thinking. Socrates was an individual who inspects and decides to do what is simply regardless of whether its outcome were catastrophicâ€even passing. In this section, even in the circumstance of his own life in question, Socrates contends that a man who’s any utilization whatsoever, or I decipher this as a savvy man, ought not stress over last chance, however ought to look at what is not long before playing out an activity; that is, the deciding variable of playing out an activity ought to be founded on what is simply yet nothing else. I can't help thinking that he could have maintained a strategic distance from death in the event that he doesn't state what he does in the section. Be that as it may, he is the individual who is convinced by nothing inside himself except for the contention that seems, by all accounts, to be the best to him, which is equity, as he states at Crito 46b. Along these lines, he decides to do what is exactly at the court paying little mind to the outcome of it as he does as such also later after the sentence. Another extraordinary model that shows Socrates’ point would be the section at Crito 54c. In this section, he likewise mirrors his own way of thinking that one ought to look at himself before playing out an activity and ought not perform it in the event that it is an unreasonable activity. â€Å"†¦Don’t put a higher incentive on youngsters, on life, or on whatever else than on what’s just†¦. assume you return bad form for treachery and awful treatment for awful treatment in that dishonorable manner, breaking your understandings and duties with us and doing terrible things to those whom you should in particular treat in that way†¦ (C. D. C. Reeve, P-Crito 54c)† once more, it appears that Socrates underscores that doing what is simply is the most elevated an incentive throughout everyday life. Steadfastly faithful to his ethical standards, Socrates will not leave Athens since he accepted that it would be in opposition to his ethical standards, yet in addition unfair to the city. Indeed, he accepted that it is simply in him to stir the dozing city, and to persuade individuals what is genuinely important†equity. It appears to be obvious to me that Socrates’ fundamental concern was to look at himself before his activity and perform what is similarly as he admits at Crito 54d as follows: â€Å"That, Crito, my dear companion, is the thing that I appear to hear them saying, you might be certain. † Therefore, he tunes in to what appears to be ideal to him and doesn't get away from the city. In any case, it is flawed to me that in the event that it is simply to adhere to out of line laws. I am enticed to feel that it would be more just to battle for only laws than simply to keep unjustifiable laws since when I think about the holocaust casualties, I don't consider them simply individuals, yet only uncalled for survivors of bad form. In spite of this, I imagine that his unwaveringness to what he accepted to be simply is really excellent. As I would see it, being so energetic to know reality, Socrates, perhaps and just perhaps, needed to comprehend what it is after his passing and to free his spirit in best condition. Or on the other hand, perhaps he needed to encourage that what he accepted to be simply is a higher priority than his life. By and large, Socrates proposes that life merits living just on the off chance that one does the equitable activities through the philosophical procedure of analyzing himself. I find that his character is moving on the grounds that doing what is only paying little mind to its outcomes takes a lot of boldness. Work Cited Reeve, C. D. C. A Plato peruser: eight basic discoursed. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Pub. Co. , 2012. Print.

A Survey of Information Technologies in Logistics Management Essays

A Survey of Information Technologies in Logistics Management Essays A Survey of Information Technologies in Logistics Management Essay A Survey of Information Technologies in Logistics Management Essay A Survey of Information Technologies in Logistics Management Anil Gurung University of Texas at Arlington Department of Information Systems and Operations Management, College of Business Administration Office: Room 630 Business Building Box 19437 701 S West St. Arlington, Texas 76019-0437 Voice: 817. 272. 3528 Email: [emailprotected] edu ABSTRACT This paper breaks down the effect of data innovations (IT) on coordinations by leading an overview of written works on scholarly coordinations diaries and expert diaries. The writing study and practice locate that outsider calculated suppliers have better chance to use IT since they have to have interoperable IT frameworks with their clients. The business theory of Just-In-Time (JIT) has likewise added to the effect of IT in coordinations. Further, data advancements are recognized that has profited the coordinations. Future headings of coordinations are examined. Presentation The expansion of data advances (IT) and the web advances have given driving force and difficulties to the coordinations. New advancements present new intends to deal with the progression of data. IT as a profitability device can be used to both increment the capacity and diminishing the expense simultaneously (Closs et al. , 1997). It has been generally acknowledged that organizations can accomplish upper hand by cost decrease or separation with its correct usage (Porter Millar, 1985). Empowered by IT the coordinations has gotten a wellspring of upper hand for some organizations. Two surges of research are recognized that features the job of IT in coordinations. First stream identifies with without a moment to spare coordinations data framework (Anderson Quinn, 1986; Bookbinder Dilts, 1989; Das Handfield, 1997; Gomes Mentzer, 1988; Perry, 1988; Schwarz Weng, 2000; Spencer, M. S. et al. , 1994; Spencer, M. S. et al. , 1996; Takahashi Nakamura, 2000; Titone, 1996; Wafa Yasin, 1996). The other stream is the outsider coordinations (Lewis Talalayevsky, 2000; Peters et al. , 1998; Sauvage, 2003; Sink Langley, 1997; Vaidyanathan, 2005). Significance of IT in coordinations has developed somewhat by business reasoning of Just-InTime (JIT) by firms. With the accentuation of firms on JIT, the effect of coordinations has developed as it is progressively perceived as a wellspring of predictable, low lead time, harm free conveyances (Bardi et al. , 1994). In quest for upper hands, firms re-appropriate their capacities which are noncore skills with the goal that they can concentrate on their center capabilities. An ongoing overview found that 83 percent of the studied Fortune 500 organizations revealed having in any event one agreement with an outsider coordinations supplier (Lieb Bentz, 2004). Throughout the years, the utilization of outsider coordinations has been expanding. Comparable study of Fortune 500 organizations taken in 1991 had just 38 percent of the respondents announcing the utilization of outsider coordinations supplier (Lieb, 1992). The 618 outsider calculated administrators endeavor to tackle the ability of data innovation to offer better types of assistance than their clients. The goal of this paper is to concentrate how IT has affected coordinations. To this end, writing survey of both driving scholarly and expert strategic diaries is led. The following segment will report the structure of coordinations. The accompanying area will break down the IT empowering influences in coordinations. At that point, the ramifications of web based business are talked about followed by a segment on future headings for coordinations. Audit OF THE LITERATURE An order conspire coordinations capacities gives an important method to concentrate how IT has affected the different elements of coordinations. Past research in coordinations have arranged the utilization of data frameworks in coordinations in various ways. An arrangement of coordinations capacities can be isolated into following five wide zones (Bowersox, 1974): office area, transportation, stock, correspondence and material development. In light of the issue zones that application addresses, seven territories of coordinations has been recognized as office area, stock control, request section, vehicle booking, distribution center design arranging, cargo rate recovery, and item and shipment following (Ballou, 1976). Another review recognized five classes as office area, stock control, transportation, creation booking, and all out physical circulation (House, 1978). These classifications regarded every class as individual elements instead of an entire framework. Taking note of this deficiency, Stenger (1986) proposed another order comprising of exchange frameworks, transient booking and stock recharging frameworks, stream arranging frameworks, and system arranging and plan frameworks. Developing the structure created by Bowersox, Novack et al (1992) isolated coordinations work into two classifications. The principal class alludes to physical exercises that are required different utilities of client need. These will incorporate stock, transportation and client care activities. The subsequent classification alludes to stream of data or exchange exercises that follow or start the physical exercises. The physical and data streams in coordinations work is very much portrayed in Figure 1 that shows the order of coordinations works as depicted by Vaidyanathan (2005). As appeared in the figure, data streams between coordinations work are overseen, facilitated and bolstered by different coordinations advances. 619 Stock and Logistics Management: Freight Consolidation Freight Distribution Shipment Planning Traffic Management Inventory Management Carrier Selection Order Entry/Management Information Flow Customer Service: Freight Payments Auditing Order Management Fulfillment Help Desk Carrier Selection Rate Negotiation Information Flow Warehousing: Packaging Product Making Labeling Warehousing Material Flow Transportation: Fleet Management Cross Docking Product Return Figure 1: Categorization of Logistics Functions (adjusted from Vaidyanathan 2005) IT empowering influences in Logistics The writing in coordinations is brimming with occasions where data innovation has been touted as a way to improve coordinations intensity (Bowersox, 1974; Closs et al. , 1997; Rabinovich et al. , 1999; Stenger, 1986). However there has been barely any experimental investigations that relates coordinations data capacities to coordinations ability (Closs et al. , 1997). A mainstream system in data frameworks discipline set forward by Gorry Morton (1989) place coordinations choices as organized and differing from operational to key. The job of coordinations data frameworks as operational and vital empowering influences in various regions of the firm’s gracefully chain has been expressed in the writing (Langley et al. , 1988). There has been a move of IT from being an empowering influence of operational and material dealing with capacities to being an empowering agent of dynamic and activityplanning capacities inside the flexibly chain (La Londe Auker, 1973). Coordinations Information System Logistics Information System (LIS) is the application part of coordinations data innovation. A viable LIS encourages the correct data stream between stock, 20 Information Flow warehousing and transportation to understand the significant level of client care. The capacity to advance the coordinations cost and administration levels is influenced by the LIS of the firm and its accomplices. Firms that give better coordinations administrations at a lower cost can have upper hand over its rivals (Bardi et al. , 1994). Two cl asses of LIS has been perceived in the writing (Closs et al. , 1997). Coordinations working frameworks (LOS) allude to value-based applications, for example, request section, request preparing, warehousing, and transportation. Coordinations arranging frameworks (LPS) allude to organizing applications, for example, guaging, stock administration, and conveyance necessities arranging. EDI Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) has effectively upgraded the correspondence between firms which is basic for coordinations. This innovation expects firms to have basic information designing and transmission gauges or conventions. Such innovations have been utilized by organizations to arrange their worth chain exercises including coordinations. Early utilizations of EDI has been on transmitting vehicle area data by railroads to their clients. Different kinds of coordinations data conveyed by EDI are buy orders/discharges and changes, propelled dispatching sees, bills of replenishing, and solicitations. Auspicious and precise data is critical in dynamic about complex coordinations issues. Japan Airlines (JAL) received EDI to deal with their mind boggling esteem chain coordinations required for their tasks, remembering obtainment and only for time conveyance of airplane fuel, fix and support airplane parts, food cooking and other client prerequisites (Chatfield Bjorn-Andersen, 1997). The upper hand picked up by organizations utilizing EDI is refered to in the writing. Firms using EDI were better ready to satisfy more noteworthy number of administrations to their clients (Rogers et al. , 1992). Bar coding Bar coding is one of the most IT empowering influences to date and has had huge effect in the training. Beginning in 1960’s probably the most punctual usage of scanner tags were in rail street vehicles. These days it is wild in anything that should be distinguished and followed. The diverse sort of standardized identifications are accessible, known as symbologies, for various purposes. Practically speaking, most firms like to utilize industry norms instead of restrictive measures for the vast majority of their standardized tags on their items. By observing industry measures, standardized identifications decrease the complexities intrinsic in the utilization of different standa

Applications of Social Pedagogy

Utilizations of Social Pedagogy In mainland Europe the possibility of social instructional method has advanced as a type of social work practice (Midgley, 1997). Be that as it may, the possibility of social teaching method has a very new importance to those from the UK. Subsequently its substance can be at first difficult to comprehend. Beginning at the broadest level, instructional method alludes to the investigation of training, techniques for educating and related fields. At the most significant level, Moss and Petrie (2002) portray instructional method as being on a very basic level made out of four viewpoints. The first is the advancement of hypothesis, the second includes strategy, the third the instruction and preparing of laborers lastly what kids really do every day. Two of the most significant levels are those of preparing and hypothesis. Instructional method hypothesis at a scholastic level takes in a wide range of controls, for example, criminology, social history, human science and brain science (Moss Petrie, 2002). At the degree of preparing, those endeavor preparing in instructional method take courses in a wide range of courses including dramatization, workmanship, music and a scope of other handy subjects (Moss Petrie, 2002). At the lower level of regular preparing and practice, instructional method can be believed to work in various manners across European nations. For instance in Belgium there is a multi year course which is eventually focussed on scholastic work and further examination. In Denmark there is a solitary calling who are prepared to work with all youngsters up to the age of 18. In France, notwithstanding, educators are prepared for offspring of various age-gatherings, for instance one gathering is from year and a half to 6 years of age. In spite of these distinctions, European nations still for the most part have the possibility that there is some larger hypothesis and structure behind their work on, something that is absent in the UK. This is on the grounds that instructional method is supported up by the assortment of information known as pedagogics and specialists know that they are drawing from a typical pool of thoughts (Moss Petrie, 2002). Over all these diverse European nations, in any case, a few shared characteristics can be drawn out. One of the most significant is the all encompassing methodology that is integral to European academic practice (Hill, 1991; Tuggener, 1993). It is an intelligent methodology that intends to bring into training parts of the entire youngster. This means the childs enthusiastic express, their history, their contemplations and sentiments these are considered by the social instructor. The second part of social instructional method which is critical is that the cooperation with the kid is viewed as social (Moss Petrie, 2002). The social educator isn't simply doing activities on the kid, yet is participating in an argument procedure with them. There is a traverse here from the expert to the individual. These components give a significant complexity to the circumstance in the UK. Here the calling of social work is divided, with a basic presumption that working with youngsters can be minimal more than kid disapproving. Therefore the working conditions and pay are moderately low (Cameron, 2004). Correspondingly levels of preparing are a lot of lower than in the European setting. It is helpful to analyze the possibility of intelligent practice in more prominent detail to perceive how it tends to be applied to ordinary practice. Teaching method sees each occurrence that happens as having the potential for learning (Moss Petrie, 2002). A teacher will, along these lines, examine a specific occurrence to scan for manners by which learning can be extricated. In the event that the result was not perfect, at that point different methods of managing the circumstance will be investigated. Similarly, youngsters are urged to have a similar disposition towards episodes that happen as the educator does. They ought to be urged to figure how they may have acted diversely and what the episode intends to them. The teacher, along these lines, needs to give an agreeable space in which this kind of intelligent addressing can happen. Two significant perspectives that have risen up out of the investigation of mainland European social academic practice are an all encompassing way to deal with kids and adolescents alongside taking part in intelligent practice. An all encompassing methodology takes advantage of a considerable lot of the key jobs of the social laborer as distinguished by TOPPS (2004) in the national word related gauges. For instance Key Role 1 of getting ready for work with people and families will include getting some answers concerning a people foundation, an indispensable advance in understanding them comprehensively. A subsequent model is Key Role 3 which is supporting people and speaking to their necessities. Without an all encompassing comprehension of people more extensive psychosocial conditions, it is preposterous to expect to complete this adequately. The second significant perspective significant in European social teaching method is the utilization of intelligent practice. Once more, this connects to a large number of the key jobs. For instance Key Role 6 is to show proficient skill, as a major aspect of this basic reflection on the social specialists own training is a significant segment (TOPPS, 2004). Further, as a component of Key Role 6 it is suggested that the social specialist considers results. As a focal piece of social academic practice this will be straightforwardly applicable to this Key Role. Additionally, Key Role 1 requires the social laborer to ponder their own experience and how that will influence the relationship (TOPPS, 2004). Unmistakably the utilization of intelligent practice will be significant in this unique situation. Further, Key Role 4 necessitates that the social specialist assess their own training adequately. As a major aspect of this they are required to think about their own choices and whether th ese brought about the ideal results. Once more, intelligent practice in a social academic structure will address this Key Role. Taking everything into account, obviously numerous parts of mainland European social teaching method can be utilized in the British setting. Specifically both intelligent practice and a comprehensive methodology are consistent with the national word related principles for social specialists. References Cameron, C. (2004a) Building an incorporated workforce for a drawn out vision of general early training and care, Policy Paper 3, Leading the Vision arrangement. London: Daycare Trust/Paul Hamlyn Foundation. Slope, M. (1991). Social work and the European Community: the social arrangement and practice settings. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Midgley, J. (1997). Social government assistance in worldwide setting. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. Greenery, P., Petrie, P. (2002). From childrens administrations to childrens spaces: open arrangement, youngsters and adolescence. London: Routledge Falmer. TOPPS (2004). National Occupational norms for social work. Leeds: Topss England. Tuggener, H. (1993) The job of the social educator: A blueprint of an European model. Kid and Youth Care Forum, 22(2), 153-157.

Chinese Food and the Family Research Assignment Paper - 825 Words

Chinese Food and the Family Research Assignment Paper (Essay Sample) Content: Chinese Food and the FamilyMy NameUniversityCourseInstructorDateIntroductionFood and family are essential for well being of individuals. Families are composed of individuals who eat food. In essence, families and food play a vital role in improving the social, emotional and physical well being in life. In most cases, people assume food is meant to satisfy hunger. However, the role of food in the family stretches further beyond meeting the physical needs. Food is part of our families. In the Chinese society, food is essential in enhancing various beneficial aspects of the family. Family meal times help enhance family relationships, pass cultural practices and ways of life to young ones.Role of Food in the FamilyMeans of passing culture to childrenFoods in the family help parents pass cultural practices and beliefs to their children. Various cultural practices are passed down from parents to children through food preparation and eating. Through family mealtimes, Chinese children get to learn various developmental skills such as how to hold a cup, manipulate the chopsticks, acquire and develop language and furnish literacy skills mainly through the flow of conversation. Chinese people take filial piety as an important aspect of the society. This is enhanced during mealtimes. For example, children get to understand that elder members of the society are served food first. For instance, table talk is the main means through which young children get exposed to the value and nature of family conversation including how to express thoughts, feelings, ideas, complaints and emotions. In China, family food sharing is the universal channel for expressing family fellowship; embody key values such as duty, hospitality, responsibility, appreciation, sacrifice and empathy among children. Sharing meals is not only an opportunity to eat and fill stomachs but also talk of family issues, create bonds of attachment and strengthen familial relationships and friendship. Family members exchange anecdotes, news and stories over family meal times, family members to learn more about each other. Children get to learn about the interests and attitudes of elders. On the other hand, parents get to learn more about the interests of their children. During family mealtimes, parents get to understand the moods, attitudes and needs of their children and hence be in a position to identify and solve their problems. In China, family mealtimes are feted as supremely important aspects of family life.Family Meals benefit ChildrenFamily mealtimes provide priceless opportunities for socialization of children. Through family meals, children are introduced to the conventional rules and norms of what is considered as socially accepted behavior. In addition, family meals provide a prime setting for conveying to the children important family values and expectations. Moreover parents and seniors get the opportunity to teach school going children foods which are considered c ulturally acceptable (Fieldhouse, 2003). Children get to understand what is considered as food and what is regarded as non-food. In essence, family meal times provide family members with the opportunity teach children the various healthy food choices available to them cost effectively. Care givers teach and encourage children to take health food choices and behaviors through modeling. Child...

The Character of Phaedra - Literature Essay Samples

In the play Hippolytus, Euripides depicts characters in a realistic fashion by displaying their warring emotions in the wake of dramatic events, as well as their deceit in achieving their objectives. A prime example of such tactics is the character Phaedra, who is content to suffer until death due to the shame of her forbidden desires for her stepson. However, when the nurse unveils her secret, Phaedra devises a scheme to ruin his reputation to save her own. Up to the creation of the letter for the stepson’s downfall, Euripides has the audience sympathize with Phaedra, leading us to understand her grieving over her love-stricken heart. At first, Phaedra yearns for the same nature and hunt that she knows Hippolytus is partaking in, largely because of the common desire to be near the person that one loves. Phaedra then becomes more conscious of her rapture and is consumed by shame for wanting Hippolytus. Afterward, the audience is allowed to watch her go back and forth regarding the question of whether her sinful desires are results of the sins of the women in her family or are prompted by the Goddess Cypris. Lastly, Phaedra uses deceit to protect her reputation from being tarnished after she dies. Therefore, Euripides uses natural characteristics of humans uncontrollable desire, shame, the need to find explanations, and the survival of one’s good reputation to make Phaedra a dynamic character and to invoke sympathy in the audience for Phaedra. In the opening act of Hippolytus, Hippolytus is hunting â€Å"wild beasts with his fleet hounds† (31) and honoring the Goddess Artemis with a â€Å"†¦woven wreath, culled from a virgin meadow†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (32). Immediately following this scene, the audience observes Phaedra pining for a similar meadow, place among pine trees â€Å"†¦where hounds pursue the prey, hard on the scent of dappled fawns†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , and to also â€Å"†¦hark them on, to grasp the barbed dart, to poise Thessalian hunting-spears close to [her] golden hair, then let them fly†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (34). Phaedra’s eagerness to be at such a place and partake in the same hunt that Hippolytus does is an indication that she wants to be near and interact with Hippolytus due to her desire for him. Euripides introduces this natural yearning as her first depiction of love for him most likely because it is the easiest symptom of love that many can identify with themselves. In turn, this causes t he audience to see themselves in Phaedra and feel as if this could have easily been one of them struck by Aphrodite’s power and uncontrollably in love with someone they shouldn’t. As Phaedra comes to her senses and realizes her infatuation has been dictating her thoughts, she is filled with shame multiple times; she says, â€Å"†¦the tire on my head is too heavy to wear†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (34) and â€Å"Shame fills me for the words I have spoken. Hide me then; from my eyes the tear-drops stream, and for very shame I turn them away† (35). Due to her disgust with her desires, Phaedra becomes a figure of pity; she knows her love for her stepson is wrong and would rather suffer and shame herself than act upon it. This strong quality of choosing death over forbidden love makes Phaedra admirable to the audience. In response to her unjust fate in the universe, Phaedra begins to imagine why she may have possibly deserved such an end. She explores different angles of her reasoning, and the audience sympathizes with trying to understand why something bad might happen to someone, accessing the thoroughly human instinct to find an origin for unexplained tragedies. Phaedra contemplates that it is because of her mother’s â€Å"love for the bull† (37) which cursed her sister and made her become â€Å"the third to suffer† (37). This â€Å"curse from time long past† (37) is not the only reason she thinks may have caused her fate. Phaedra also blames Goddess Cypris when she says that she has gone â€Å"Mad! Mad! Stricken by some demon’s curse!† (35) and asks Aphrodite, â€Å"How can these [sinners]†¦e’er look their husbands in the face? do they never feel one guilty thrill that their accomplice, night, or the chambers of their house will find a voic e and speak?† (38). With these lines, Euripides gives the audience the dilemma of choosing whether it is truly due to Aphrodite or the sins of Phaedra’s mother. After Phaedra mentions the possible chance of the chambers of a woman’s home finding a voice and speaking of sinful affairs, the worst possible alternative befalls Phaedra when the nurse tells Hippolytus of his stepmother’s desires. After hearing Hippolytus’ harsh reply, the audience feels pity for Phaedra because she has not acted on her passion and had resigned herself to death before being unfaithful; however, she will soon endure a tarnished reputation because of her servant’s lack of honesty. Therefore, when Phaedra commits suicide and ruins her stepson’s reputation with a letter that â€Å"loudly tells a hideous tale† (46) to save her own, the audience does not condemn her for her desperate actions though they are not excusable either. In demonstrating the natural characteristics of humans, especially when it comes to love and the survival of their reputation, Euripides creates a character who is changes in reaction to her fate. Though Phaedra performs a harrowing deed, the audience still sympathizes with her uncontrollable desire, shame, and quest to find reason between man or the Gods for her fate. We can understand, at least, her desperate need to protect her reputation. Works Cited Euripides. The Trojan Women and Hippolytus. Trans. Edward P. Coleridge. Mineola: Dover Publications, 2002. Print.

Of Fog and War A Comparative Analysis of Two Japanese...

Of Fog and War: A Comparative Analysis of Two Japanese Bombing Attacks on the United States during WWII Warfare, unfortunately, is an essential part of mankind. It has been witnessed since time immemorial. What is comforting to know, however, is that it does not always end with blood baths, or similar devastation. Sometimes warfare ends with two enemy forces forgiving one another. This happened years after the Lookout Air Raids, when the Japanese bomber who carried out a series of bombings over the Siskiyou Mountains in Oregon, returned there years afterwards to apologize. During the early stages of World War Two, the Japanese engaged in warfare with the United States numerous times. Two of these engagements had many similarities†¦show more content†¦It was a blessing in disguise for the Japanese, because they unknowingly avoided interception from the American Warhawk Fighters on that cloudy night. The series of circumstances seemed favorable for the two Japanese flyin g boats, except the fog of war was relentless: The air raids commander, Lt. Hashizume, radioed his wingman to make an unexpected left turn around the island to attack its northern side. The wingman, whose name was Sasao, did not hear the message, and flew to the southern coast of Oahu, instead (Op. K n.pag.). Although both pilots realized they lost one another, they bombed Hawaii on their own volition. As the American P-40 Warhawks unsuccessfully searched for the bombers within the obsidian blankets of night clouds, Lt. Hashizume loomed skyward over Honolulu at 15,000 ft., and prepared to drop his bombs. He could barely see a thing since Hawaii was in the midst of a blackout for reasons of war. Hashizume released four bombs anyway, and they all fell off the target of Honolulu and landed on Tantalus Peak, an extinct volcano. The bombs did land near Roosevelt High School, shattering some of its windows. Lt. Sasao could not locate his bombing target in the cloudy night, and trie d to bomb a lighthouse he managed to see. His bombs fell into the Pacific, causing no damage. Both pilots flew to safety, and returned 6 days later to attack again. This time Hashizume was shot down by an American fighter jet. U.S. militia had